大涡模式分辨率对海洋信风区大气边界层结构和演变模拟的影响

任燕; 黄倩; 张君霞; 王婵

doi:10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2018.01.003

大涡模式分辨率对海洋信风区大气边界层结构和演变模拟的影响

doi: 10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2018.01.003

任燕¹,
黄倩^2, ,,
张君霞²,
王婵³

1.
北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系，北京 100871
2.
兰州大学半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室/兰州大学大气科学学院，甘肃兰州 730000
3.
寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室/中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，甘肃兰州 730000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41775013

国家自然科学基金项目 41275006

国家自然科学基金项目 41205007

详细信息

通讯作者:
黄倩，女，甘肃省人，副教授，博士，硕士研究生导师，主要从事大气边界层湍流和沙尘传输的研究。E-mail: qianhuang@lzu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P435.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-10-28
- 修回日期: 2017-09-18
- 刊出日期: 2018-02-01

EFFECT OF LARGE EDDY RESOLUTION ON SIMULATION OF STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF THE MARINE TRADE-WIND BOUNDARY LAYER

1.
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2.
Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
3.
Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China

摘要

摘要: 利用BOMEX（巴巴多斯海洋与气象学试验）的探空资料和LEM（大涡模式），通过改变LEM水平分辨率的敏感性数值试验，对比分析不同尺度的湍涡对信风积云边界层中混合层和云层的结构、演变以及对流形式和强度的影响。结果表明，水平分辨率较高时模拟的湍涡尺度较小、混合层顶的夹卷作用较强，模拟的混合层较暖、较干，而且模拟的对流泡尺度较小、强度较大，能够模拟出较精细的边界层结构；而水平分辨率较低时则相反。模拟的湍涡尺度对海洋信风区边界层积云中液态水混合比的模拟结果影响较大：LEM模拟的湍涡尺度较小时模拟的信风积云形成的时间较早、云顶高度较高，单个云块的体积较小但数目较多，液态水含量较高；而模拟的湍涡尺度较大时则相反。虽然水平分辨率为50 m和125 m的试验都能模拟出较精细的信风边界层中混合层、云层的结构和演变特征，但是，考虑到提高分辨率在模拟过程中产生的噪音信号对结果的影响以及计算时间等问题，LEM采用125 m的水平网格距是对海洋信风边界层积云对流模拟较为理想的选择。
- 大气物理学 /
- 边界层结构 /
- 大涡模式 /
- 信风积云 /
- 模式分辨率
Abstract: The effects of turbulent eddies with various scales on the structure and evolution of mixed layer and cumulus layer are analyzed by using the sounding data from the Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment (BOMEX) and a large eddy simulation (LEM) sensitivity test with different horizontal grid spacings. The results showed that a fine structure of the boundary layer convection with a warm and dry mixed layer is simulated with smaller model horizontal grid spacings. Strong convection and entrainment also were modeled using high-resolution tests due to small turbulent eddies being resolved. If larger model horizontal grid spacings were used, larger turbulent eddies led to a weaker boundary layer convection with cooler and wetter mixed layer and weaker entrainment. The simulated scale of turbulent eddies were also shown to affect the simulation of liquid water mixing ratio in the trade-wind cumulus layer. If small turbulent eddies were modeled, this led to an early formation of trade-wind cumulus and a high cloud top. Large liquid water content with small volume of single cloud was found in the trade-wind cumulus layer. It gave the opposite results if large turbulent eddies were simulated. Considering the effects of noise signals generated by the high resolution simulations and computing time, the use of 100 m grid spacing as LEM horizontal resolution in simulating marine trade-wind cumulus boundary layer is a ideal choice, although the characteristics of mixed layer and cumulus layer from a fine trade-wind boundary layer could be modeled by using the simulation with 50 m or 100 m grid spacings.
- atmospheric physics /
- boundary layer structure /
- large eddy simulation /
- trade-wind cumulus /
- model resolution

HTML全文

图 1 平均位温θ和水汽混合比q_v廓线（a，实线为初始廓线，点线和虚线分别为模拟3 h和7 h的结果）和风廓线（b）

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图 2 不同水平分辨率敏感性试验模拟的1 h、2 h、3 h、5 h（a~d）后的混合层虚位温（实线）、水汽混合比（虚线）的平均廓线

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图 3 不同水平分辨率敏感性试验模拟的1 h、2 h、3 h、5 h（a~d）后的混合层中的浮力通量平均廓线

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图 4 模拟3 h后垂直速度（左）、虚位温（中）和水汽混合比（右）的概率密度函数分布

a1、b1、c1为180 m高度; a2、b2、c2为360 m高度; a3、b3、c3为540 m高度。蓝色、绿色、红色和黑色分别代表试验R50、R125、R200和R500的结果。

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图 5 试验R50、R125、R200、R500（a~d）的敏感性试验模拟的3 h后垂直速度Y-Z剖面

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图 6 不同水平分辨率敏感性数值试验模拟3 h后垂直速度（左）、虚位温（中）、水汽混合比（右）的概率密度函数分布

a1、b1、c1为900 m高度; a2、b2、c2为1 200 m高度; a3、b3、c3为1 500 m高度。蓝色、绿色、红色和黑色分别代表试验R50、R125、R200和R500的值。

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图 7 不同水平分辨率敏感性数值试验模拟的总云覆盖率（a）和云底高度（点线）、云顶高度（实线）随时间的变化（b）

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图 8 不同水平分辨率敏感性试验模拟1 h、2 h、3 h、5 h后（a~d）的液态水混合比平均廓线

单位：mg/kg。

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图 9 试验R50、R125、R200、R500(a~d)的敏感性试验模拟的3 h后液态水混合比的X-Y剖面

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