Abstract: Correlations between the drought/flood in the Yangtse River valley and anomalies of central-eastern equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (CEPSST) and Arctic sea ice extent are examined by using observational data. The leading results show that,the drought and/or flood in June is noticeably associated with the anomalies of CEPSST in April-June and Arctic sea ice extent over the northern Pacific in January-March, but the drought/flood in July only with anomalies of Arctic sea ice extent over the northern tlantic rather than with those of CEPSST. Therefore, it may come to a conclusion that polar sea ice is also an important factor inducing the short-term climatic changes in comparison with the equatorial SST.