海南岛最高和最低气温的非对称变化
ASYMMETRIC TREND OF MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE CHANGE IN HAINAN ISLAND
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摘要: 利用海南岛具有46年资料的13个站点1959-2004年1月、4月、7月、10月及年平均温度、平均最高最低温度、极端最高最低温度,研究海南气温变化的气候特征,结果表明,海南岛最高最低气温变化在空间分布,线性增温趋势的稳定性、倾向率和突变现象均有明显的非对称性特征:最高气温变化的空间分布表现为北高南低,而最低气温变化的空间分布表现为南高北低;各季节的平均最低气温的线性趋势均稳定,极端最低气温在冬季和夏季线性增温趋势稳定,而各季的平均、极端最高气温增温趋势均不稳定;最低气温的倾向率在各个季节或年平均上比最高气温的倾向率大得多,冷季的线性倾向率明显大于暖季;平均最高气温在四季均不存在明显突变,而平均最低气温则均有突变。Abstract: Using seasonal and annual mean temperature, mean maximum and minimum temperature, extreme maximum and minimum temperature of the recent 46 years from 13 stations of Hainan island, the change characteristics of temperature in Hainan are studied. Results show that maximum and minimum temperature changes have obvious asymmetric characteristics in spatial distribution, stability and rate of linear increasing tendency and abrupt change. The distribution characteristics of maximum temperature are higher in the north and lower in the south but that of minimum temperature higher in the south and lower in the north. Minimum temperature has more stable and more obvious increasing tendency than maximum temperature, especially on the seasonal scale. There are no abrupt changes in the mean maximum temperature of four seasons but they can be seen in minimum mean temperature.
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Key words:
- temperature change /
- maximum and minimum temperature /
- asymmetry change /
- abrupt change
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