台风Haitang和Matsa引发浙江暴雨强度和分布的对比分析
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INTENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF RAINSTROM IN ZHEJIANG PROVINCE CAUSED BY TYPHOON HAITANG AND MATSA
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摘要: 以2005年两个严重影响浙江台风Haitang和Matsa为研究对象,首先对两次台风暴雨过程在强度和落区上的相似和差异进行了比较,指出两者都给浙江带来了大范围的暴雨天气,并且最大降水中心都出现在台风登陆点北侧;虽然Haitang先在福建登陆、且登陆时强度不及Matsa,但其雨量明显大于后者。然后从台风的强度、移速、结构、环境场、地形等多个方面对两次台风暴雨过程进行了比较分析,结果表明:台风暴雨的非对称分布与台风结构、水汽输送、地形密切相关。高温高湿在台风的北侧表现得比南侧更为强烈,水汽含量也更为丰富。Haitang降水量大于Matsa则是多种因素共同作用的结果,弱冷空气的侵入、动力场上较Matsa减弱得更为缓慢,均有利于降水的增加和持续;Haitang影响前控制浙江气团的“冷场”性质和影响期间移速缓慢也对暴雨增幅起到了促进作用。Abstract: Study was carried out on two landfall typhoons Haitang and Matsa, which affected zhejiang province seriously. Firstly, the similarity and difference between the two typhoon-induced rainstorms were compared and it was pointed out that both of them brought strong large-scale precipitation and the maximumcenters of rainfall were located at the north side of the landfall site. Making landfall on Fujian, Haitang wasweaker than Matsa in intensity but surpassed it in rainfall. Then with focus on intensity, moving speed,structure of typhoon, circulation and terrain etc, the two typhoon-related rainstorms were compared and analyzed. Results show that the asymmetrical distribution of rainfall was closely related to the structure oftyphoon itself, moisture transportation and mesoscale terrain. In contrast to the south side, the north side washotter and wetter, moisture content was also more abundant. The phenomenon of more rainfall induced by Haitang was in connection with the following reasons:invading cold air leads to rainfall increase, weakened dynamic field and slower movement both benefited precipitation. For the last part, the cold characteristic ofair mass over Zhejiang was also an favorable factor for raining.
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