S波段多普勒天气雷达旁瓣回波的特征分析
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HAILSTORM SIDE-LOBE ECHO FROM S-BAND DOPPLER WEATHER RADAR
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摘要: 通过对2002~2005年S波段多普勒天气雷达上旁瓣回波的分析,描述了其在基本反射率因子、径向速度、速度谱宽PPI图及反射率因子和径向速度垂直剖面图上的形态特征。在7次强对流事件的19个雹暴云中发现有6次强对流事件10个雹暴云共产生旁瓣回波110次(基于反射率因子仰角产品的统计)。统计结果表明:形成旁瓣回波最小反射率因子强度为60 dBz,97.3%的旁瓣回波出现在反射率因子强度≥63 dBz时,旁瓣回波出现在50~100 km距离段内的机率最大;旁瓣回波出现的最大高度为11 km,最低高度是1 km,97.3%的旁瓣回波出现在1~9 km高度之间,69.1%的旁瓣回波出现在3~6 km高度之间,以4~5 km高度出现次数最多,然后向上、向下减少。据灾情调查报告分析,强降雹发生在旁瓣回波首次出现后的0~42 min内,表明旁瓣回波对强降雹具有一定的临近预警作用。Abstract: In this paper,by analyzing the hailstorm side-lobe echo from Changde S-band Doppler weather radar from 2002 to 2005,morphological characteristics of side-lobe echoes are depicted with regard to reflectivity,radial velocity,velocity spectral width PPI map and vertical cross-section of reflectivity and radial velocity.Among 19 hailstorm clouds during seven severe convective events,the side-lobe echoes are observed in 10 hailstorms during six of them.The results show the followings.(1) The echo intensity of side-lobe is proportional to the volume of high reflectivity.(2) For the side-lobe echoes observed,the minimum reflectivity is 60 dBZ and 97.3% of them appear with reflectivity greater than 63 dBz.(3) Side-lobe echoes usually occur within the radar range of 50~100 km.(4) 96.1% of the side-lobe echoes occur within the height between 3 and 6 km.(5) Severe hails occur within 0~42 minutes after the first side-lobe echo appears,indicating that recognition of side-lobe echoes can help the warning of severe hail.
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Key words:
- side-lobe echoes /
- characteristics analysis /
- large hail /
- warning
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