热带大气季节内振荡与对西北太平洋台风生成数的影响研究
-
摘要: 用典型年合成方法分析研究了1979—2006年西北太平洋多台风年和少台风年热带大气ISO的影响。结果表明,热带大气ISO对西北太平洋台风的生成具有明显的调节作用。多台风年,菲律宾以西地区大气季节内振荡较弱,东传不明显;菲律宾以东地区积云对流较强,热带大气30~60 d低频振荡也偏强,与台风生成相关的传播特征为源自赤道140~160 ?E附近季节内振荡的西北方向传播。这种异常的30~60 d低频振荡对周围大气环流有正反馈的作用,从而导致积云对流的进一步加强,这种强的积云对流会引起赤道西风异常,产生异常Walker环流,在菲律宾附近形成风场的低层辐合、高层辐散,增强那里的上升气流,有利于台风生成。少台风年,菲律宾以西地区低频活动较强,东传明显,菲律宾以东的低频活动较弱。这种西强东弱的低频活动形式,使得大气低层在菲律宾以西地区为低频东风异常,菲律宾以东地区为低频西风异常,导致在菲律宾以东的西北太平洋大气产生低层低频风辐散、高层辐合的形势,增强下沉运动,不利于台风的生成。
-
[1] GRAY W M. Hurricanes: Their formation, structure, and likely role in the tropical circulation[M]. Metorology over the Tropical Oceans, SHAW D B. England: Branknall, 1979: 155-218.[2] NAKAZAWA T. Intraseasonal variations of OLR in the tropics during the FGGE year[J]. J Meteor Soc Japan, 1986, 64(1): 17-34.[3] LIEBMANN B, HENDON H H, GLICK J D. The relationship between tropical cyclones of the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans and the Madden-Julian Oscillation[J]. J Meteor Sco Japan, 1994, 72(3): 401-412.[4] MALONEY E D, HARTMANN D L. Modulation of Eastern North Pacific Hurricanes by the Madden-Julian Oscillation[J]. J Climate, 2000, 13(9): 1 451.[5] SOBEL A H, MALONEY E D. Effect of ENSO and the MJO on Western North Pacific tropical cyclones[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2000, 27(12): 1 739-1 742.[6] HALL J D, MATTHEWS A J, KAROLY D J. The modulation of tropical cyclone activity in the Australian region by the Madden-Julian Oscillation[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2001, 129(12): 2 970-2 982.[7] BESSAFI M, WHEELER M C. Modulation of South Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones by the Madden-Julian Oscillation and Convectively Coupled Equatrial Waves[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 2006, 134(2): 638-656.[8] MALONEY E D, HARTMANN D L. Modulation of hurricane activity in the Gulf of Mexico by the Madden-Julian Oscillation[J]. Science, 2000, 287(5460):: 2 002-2 004.[9] 祝从文,NAKAZAWA T,李建平. 大气季节内振荡对印度洋-西太平洋地区热带低压/气旋生成的影响[J]. 气象学报. 2004, 62(1): 42-50.[10] 王慧,丁一汇,何金海. 西北太平洋夏季风的变化对台风生成的影响[J]. 气象学报. 2006, 63(3): 345-356.[11] 陈联寿,丁一汇. 西太平洋台风概论[M]. 北京: 科学出版社,1979: 440.[12] 陈联寿,徐祥德,罗哲贤,等. 热带气旋动力学引论[M]. 北京: 气象出版社,2002: 317.[13] 王咏梅,李维京,任福民,等. 影响中国台风的气候特征及其与环境场关系的研究[J]. 热带气象学报,2007,23(6):538-544.[14] WANG B, XIE X. A model for the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation[J]. J Atmos Sci, 1997, 54(1): 72-86.[15] YASUNARI T. Cloudiness fluctuations associated with the Northern Hemisphere summer monsoon[J]. J Meteor Soc Japan, 1979, 57(3): 227-242.[16] KRISHNAMURTI T N, SUBRAHMANYAM D. The 30~50 day mode at 850mb during MONEX[J]. J Atmos Sci, 1982, 39(9): 2 088-2 095.[17] CHEN T C, MURAKAMI M. The 30~50 day variation of conventive activity over the Western Pacific Ocean with the emphasis on the northwestern region[J]. Mon Wea Rev, 1988, 166(4): 892-906.[18] 龙振夏,李崇银. 热带低层大气30~60天低频动能的年际变化与ENSO循环[J]. 大气科学, 2001, 25(6): 798-808.[19] LI Chongyin,LONG Zhenxia,ZHANG Qingyun. Strong/Weak Summer Monsoon Activity over the South China Sea and Atmospheric Intraseasonal Oscillation[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2001, 18(6): 1 147-1 160.[20] TENG Huiyan,WANG Bin. Interannual variations of the Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation in the Asian-Pacific Region[J]. J Climate, 2003, 16(22): 3 572-3 584.[21] 董敏,张兴强,何金海. 热带季节内振荡时空特征的诊断研究[J]. 气象学报. 2004, 62(6): 821-830.[22] MADDEN R A, JULIAN P R. Detection of a 40~50 day oscillation in the zonal wind in the tropic Pacific[J]. J Atmos Sci, 1971, 28(5): 702-708.[23] LI Chongyin. Actions of summer monsoon troughs(ridges) and tropical cyclones over south Asia and the moving CISK mode[J]. Science in China, 1985, 28: 1 197-1 207.[24] 黄荣辉,陈光华. 西北太平洋热带气旋以东路径的年际变化及其机理研究[J]. 气象学报, 2007, 65(5): 683-694.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1439
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 2381
- 被引次数: 0