ANALYSIS OF THE TREND CHARACTERS OF THE POOR VISIBILITY HOURS IN HONG KONG IN 1968—2014 A
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摘要: 为研究香港地区低能见度时数变化规律，采用HHT变换 (Hilbert-Huang Transform) 对1968—2014年香港地区的低能见度时数进行周期分析。基于瞬时能量、稳定性和M-K检验 (Mann-Kendall test) 得到低能见度时数变化的突变点，结合1997—2013年污染物数据，采用t检验分析了各污染物与突变点以后的低能见度时数之间的相关性。结果表明：香港地区低能见度时数总体呈上升趋势，且存在1年、2年、3年和7年的年际变化周期以及10年和大于20年的代际变化周期；季节方面则表现为冬季最多，春、秋季次之，夏季最少。1993年为香港地区的低能见度时数的变化突变点；香港低能见度时数与SO2、NOX、RSP、PM2.5、VOC、CO排放的关系密切。Abstract: In order to do the research of the trends variations of the visibility in Hong Kong, the HHT transform was used to analyze the periodic changes of low visibility hours in 1968—2014 a. The mutation point of the low visibility hours was found out based on the instantaneous energy (IE), degree of stationary (DS) and Mann-Kendall test. Then the M-K test was used to prove the correction of the mutation point. With the help of student's test, the correlations between the low visibility hours with the pollutants in 1997—2013 were also analyzed. The conclusions could be drawn as follows: the hours of poor visibility in Hong Kong are growing and their variations have 1 a, 2 a, 3 a, 7 a inter annual variation periods and 10 a, 20 a inter generational change cycles. And the hours in spring and autumn are following from that in winter, and the hours in summer are the least. Variations of the hours occur mutation at 1993. According to the test, the correlations between the hours with SO2、NOX、RSP、PM2.5、VOC、CO are significant under 0.05 level.
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Key words:
- poor visibility /
- HHT transform /
- cycle variations /
- mutation change /
- Hong Kong
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表 2 主要空气污染物排放量与低能见度时数的统计关系
污染物 SO2 NOx RSP PM2.5 VOC CO HKO SO2 Corr. 1 Sig. —— NOx Corr. 0.75 1 Sig. 0 —— RSP Corr. 0.55 0.89 1 Sig. 0.02 0 —— PM2.5 Corr. 0.49 0.86 0.99 1 Sig. 0.04 0 0 —— VOC Corr. 0.59 0.89 0.99 0.99 1 Sig. 0.01 0 0 0 —— CO Corr. 0.54 0.86 0.99 0.99 0.99 1 Sig. 0.03 0 0 0 0 —— HKO Corr. 0.51 0.49 0.52 0.50 0.49 0.46 1 Sig. 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.06 —— 
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