气溶胶对台风“天兔”中闪电的影响

眭敏; 刘宇迪; 杨桃进

doi:10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2017.05.016

气溶胶对台风“天兔”中闪电的影响

doi: 10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2017.05.016

眭敏^{1, 2},
刘宇迪^1, ,,
杨桃进^{1, 3}

1.
国防科技大学气象海洋学院，江苏南京 211101
2.
东部战区海军参谋部海洋水文气象中心, 浙江宁波 315100
3.
75839部队, 广东广州 510510

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 41175089

详细信息

通讯作者:
刘宇迪，男，内蒙古自治区人，博士研究生导师，教授，研究方向：大气动力学与数值模拟。E-mail: ydliu0509@163.com

中图分类号: X513
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-07-08
- 修回日期: 2017-03-16
- 刊出日期: 2017-10-01

THE EFFECTS OF AEROSOLS ON THE LIGHTNING IN TYPHOON USAGI

Min SUI^{1, 2},
Yu-di LIU^{1
, ,},
Tao-jin YANG^{1, 3}

1.
Institute of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing 211101, China
2.
Ocean Hydrometeorological Certer of Eastern theater naval staff, Ningbo 315100, China
3.
75839 troops, Guangzhou 510510, China

摘要

摘要: 运用WRF模式配合对气溶胶更敏感的F-SBM微物理方案以及LPI闪电参数化方案对台风“天兔”进行模拟，通过改变F-SBM微物理方案中的云凝结核浓度得到不同气溶胶浓度下“天兔”中水凝物和闪电的分布情况，并从微物理过程出发讨论了气溶胶浓度对“天兔”中闪电的影响。WWLLN观测数据显示，“天兔”中的闪电主要呈现三圈分布，且“天兔”眼壁区闪电的爆发现象发生在其迅速加强阶段。对比发现，LPI指数与WWLLN观测实况的闪电分布形状有较好的对应，并且描绘出“天兔”中闪电的发展变化情况。通过气溶胶敏感性试验发现，随着气溶胶浓度的增加，“天兔”中过冷水含量及霰粒子浓度增加，垂直运动整体增强，为闪电的生成提供有利条件，此时LPI指数分布更加密集，强度增强。而冰晶粒子浓度始终较低，可初步推断“天兔”中闪电主要由霰粒子与雪粒子的非感应起电产生
- 气溶胶 /
- 闪电 /
- 台风 /
- WRF /
- LPI
Abstract: The effects of aerosol on lightning in Typhoon Usagi are investigated by Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with lightning potential index (LPI) parameterizations and F-SBM microphysics scheme which is more sensitive to aerosols. The distribution of the hydrometeors and lightning in Typhoon Usagi under different aerosol concentration was achieved by changing the CCN concentration in the F-SBM microphysics scheme. Based on the microphysical process, the effects of aerosol on the lightning of Typhoon Usagi were discussed. Observed data from WWLLN show that, there are three zones of distinct electrical characteristics in Typhoon Usagi and the lightning in the eyewall broke out when Typhoon Usagi intensified rapidly. By comparing the analysis, distribution of the lightning in Typhoon Usagi observed by WWLLN is similar to that of LPI, which can describe the evolution of the lightning in Typhoon Usagi as well. Concluding from aerosol sensitivity experiments, we know that super cooled water content, graupel concentration and vertical velocity will increase with increasing aerosol concentration, which is helpful to the production of lightning. At the same time, the distribution of LPI becomes more intense. However, the ice concentration keeps low, from which we can preliminarily infer that the lightning in Typhoon Usagi is caused by noninductive charging between graupel and snow
- aerosol /
- lightning /
- typhoon /
- WRF /
- LPI

HTML全文

图 1 模拟区域

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图 2 18日18时—21日06时6 h间隔的“天兔”模拟路径（蓝色）与实况（红色）对比

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 “天兔”模拟最低海平面气压（红色）与实况（蓝色）对比

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图 4 21日02时台风“天兔”的TRMM（2A12）实况（a）和n-normal试验模拟（b）的降水率单位：mm/h。

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图 5 18日00时（a）、18日18时（b）、19日02时（c）和21日00时（d）FY-2E的IR1云图与WWLLN观测的闪电位置分布（红点）叠加图

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图 6 19日的06时（a、b）和12时（c、d）台风“天兔”的模拟闪电右图方框中红色部分的LPI分布（a、c，灰线表示海平面气压）与实况的FY-2E的IR1云图和WWLLN观测闪电的叠加图（b、d）对比

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 19日12时（左）和20日03时（右）不同气溶胶浓度下的LPI分布

a、b为n-100试验；c、d为n-800试验；e、f为n-1500试验；g、h为n-3000试验。灰线表示海平面气压。

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图 8 19日12时不同气溶胶浓度下霰粒子（左）和云水含量（右）的最大值分布

说明同图 7。

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图 9 19日12时不同气溶胶浓度下过内网格中心沿经度方向云滴雨滴和等位温线剖面

a. n-100；b. n-800；c. n-1500；d. n-3000。

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图 10 19日12时不同气溶胶浓度下雪粒子（左）和冰晶粒子（右）最大值分布

说明同图 7。

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 19日12时n-100、n-800、n-1500和n-3000试验（a~d）不同气溶胶浓度下垂直速度最大值分布

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图 12 19日12时TRMM降水资料

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表 1 试验的气溶胶浓度（cm^-3）设计

名称	海洋设置/km	陆地设置/km
n-normal	100	4 000
n-100	100	100
n-800	800	800
n-1500	1 500	1 500
n-3000	3 000	3 000

下载: 导出CSV

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