ANALYSIS OF AIR-SEA INTERACTION ON THE FORMATION OF APRIL 28, 2015 SEA FOG OVER BOHAI SEA
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摘要: 利用FY和MTSAT卫星资料、ERA Interim再分析资料、黄渤海浮标站资料、黄渤海自动站逐小时观测资料，对发生在2015年4月28—29日的渤海海雾成因进行分析，着重探讨了海雾形成过程中的海气相互作用。结果发现，近海面处大气低层逆温层抬升，大于90%的大湿度区向上、向西扩展，对海雾形成非常有利；海雾生成前、生成发展过程中存在明显的东到东南风，有利于黄海水汽向渤海输送，海面上空有水汽通量大值区由渤海海峡向渤海中部移动，使得渤海上空水汽输送加强，提供了海雾形成所需的水汽；在海雾形成过程中渤海上空气温高于海温，风切变造成的海气界面湍流热交换为大气输送向海洋，使得冷海面上空暖湿空气降温冷却达到饱和形成海雾，是平流冷却雾。Abstract: The sea fog over Bohai Sea from April 28 to 29 2015 is analyzed with FY satellite data, MTSAT satellite data, ERA Interim reanalyzed data, buoy stations data and automatic weather stations data, with the air-sea interaction during the formation and development of the sea fog analyzed intensively. A lower atmosphere inversion layer rose and a wet area of greater than 90% expanded upward and westward, beneficial to the formation of Bohai Sea fog. There was evident east and southeast wind during the sea fog event, in favor of vapor transporting from the Yellow Sea to the Bohai Sea. Strong vapor flux moved from the Bohai Straits to the Bohai Sea, enhanced vapor transport upon it and provided necessary vapor for the formation of sea fog. Bohai Sea air temperature was greater than sea surface temperature, sea surface net turbulence heat exchange caused by wind shear delivered heat from the atmosphere to the sea, then warm moist air cooled down and saturated and advection cooling fog generated.
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图 4 2015年4月27日20时(a)、28日08时(b)、28日14时(c)、29日02时(d)的相对湿度(阴影，>80%)、温度(等值线，单位：℃)和风场沿38.5 °N剖面
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