QUANTILE REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF INTERANNUAL VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF LANDING TROPICAL CYCLONES IN CHINA UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ENSO EVENTS
-
摘要: 热带气旋每年对我国东南沿海地区造成很大的经济损失和人员伤亡。为了解登陆中国热带气旋的强度、位置和生成频率等特征,基于1949—2018年西北太平洋热带气旋数据,采用分位数回归的方法分析了登陆中国热带气旋活动年际变化特征规律。结果发现:登陆中国热带气旋活动年际变化特征受ENSO事件的影响,El Niño年、La Niña年和正常年登陆中国热带气旋的最大风速、最长生命期和生成位置的年际变化规律存在较大差异,且这种差异程度和热带气旋强度有关;此外,在不同的分位数下登陆中国热带气旋活动特征的年际变化趋势系数并不相同。研究结果可以为我国的东南沿海热带气旋数据分析和趋势预测提供有效的参考。Abstract: Tropical cyclones cause great casualties and economic losses to the southeast coastal areas of China every year. To understand the characteristics of the intensity, genesis location and frequency of tropical cyclones (TC) landing in China, this paper adopts the quantile regression method and uses the data of TCs from 1949 to 2018 in the Northwestern Pacific to analyze the interannual variation characteristics of TCs landing in China. The results show that the interannual variation characteristics of TCs landing in China are affected by ENSO events. The maximum wind speed, longest lifetime, and interannual variation of TCs landing in China during El Niño years, La Niña years, and normal years are quite different, and the degree of those differences is related to TC intensity. Furthermore, the interannual trend coefficients of TCs landing in China at different quantiles are not the same. The results of this study can provide effective reference for the data analysis and trend prediction of tropical cyclones in the southeast coast of China.
-
表 1 不同分位数下登陆中国热带气旋生成位置年际变化的趋势系数
统计分位数 趋势系数/(10-2) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 正常年(经度) 1.7 0.7 1.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.3 0.5 0.8 -0.3 El Niño年(经度) 0.7 5.0 6.0 -1.0 -3.0 -6.0 -4.0 -3.0 -4.0 La Niña年(经度) 3.3 78.0 13.0 8.0 5.0 5.0 9.0 17.0 6.0 正常年(纬度) 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.9 El Niño年(纬度) 0.3 2.8 3.5 4.2 1.2 -0.1 0.6 1.1 0.2 La Niña年(纬度) 3.7 5.2 6.6 5.3 3.1 0.4 1.8 1.0 2.7 -
[1] 黄勇, 李崇银, 王颖, 等. 近百年西北太洋热带气旋频数变化特征与ENSO的关系[J]. 海洋预报, 2008, 25(1): 80-87. [2] 马丽萍, 陈联寿, 徐祥德. 全球热带气旋活动与全球气候变化相关特征[J]. 热带气象学报, 2006, 22(2): 147-154. [3] WEBSTER P J, HOLLAND G J, CURRY J A, et al. Changes in tropical cyclone number, duration, and intensity in a warming environment [J]. Science, 2005, 309(5 742): 1 844-1 846. [4] CHEN T C, WENG S P, YAMAZAKI N, et al. Interannual variation in the tropical cyclone formation over the Western North Pacific[J]. Mon Wea Rev, 1998, 126(4): 1 080-1 090. [5] WANG B, CHAN J C L. How strong ENSO events affect tropical storm activity over the western north pacific[J]. J Climate, 2002, 15(13): 1 643-1 658. [6] EMANUEL K A. The dependence of hurricane intensity on climate[J]. Nature, 1987, 326(6 112): 483-485 [7] 曹楚, 彭加毅, 余锦华. 全球气候变暖背景下登陆我国台风特征的分析[J]. 南京气象学院学报, 2006, 29(4): 455-461. [8] 石先武, 方伟华. 1949—2010年西北太平洋热带气旋时空分布特征分析[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 51(3): 287-292. [9] 张春艳, 刘昭华, 王晓利, 等. 20世纪50年代以来登陆中国热带气旋的变化特征分析[J]. 海洋科学, 2020, 44(2): 12-23. [10] 张金善, 殷成团, 张然, 等. 中国沿海登陆热带气旋活动特征分析[J]. 水科学进展, 2018, 29(6): 759-767. [11] 姚才, 罗小莉, 张成扬, 等. 7-9月登陆华南台风气候变化特征及大尺度环流系统分析[J]. 气象研究与应用, 2019, 40(1): 1-6+10. [12] 朱志存, 尹宜舟, 叶殿秀. 登陆中国大陆不同区间的热带气旋特征初步分析[J]. 热带气象学报, 2012, 28(1): 41-49. [13] 郭丽霞, 陈联寿, 李英, 等. 登陆中国热带气旋入海强度变化的统计特征[J]. 热带气象学报, 2010, 26(1): 65-70. [14] 许向春, 于玉斌, 赵大军. 登陆中国不同强度热带气旋的变化特征[J]. 热带气象学报, 2009, 25(6): 667-674. [15] BENGTSSON L, HODGES K I, ESCH M, et al. How may tropical cyclones change in a warmer climate[J]. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 2007, 59(4): 539-561. [16] LANDSEA C. Counting Atlantic tropical cyclones back to 1900[J]. Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union, 2007, 88(18): 197-202. [17] TRENBERTH K E. Signal versus noise in the Southern Oscillation[J]. Mon Wea Rev, 1984, 112(2): 326-332. [18] TRENBERTH K E, HOAR T J. The 1990-1995 El Niño-Southern Oscillation event: longest on record[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 1996, 23(1): 57-60. [19] FUDEYASU H, ⅡZUKA S, MATSUURA T. Impact of ENSO on landfall characteristics of tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific during the summer monsoon season[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2006, 33(21): 1-5. [20] CHAN J C L, SHI J E. Long-term trends and interannual variability in tropical cyclone activity over the western north pacific[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 1996, 23(20): 2 765-2 767. [21] 孔蕴淇, 范伶俐, 李俊杰. 两类厄尔尼诺事件对登陆中国热带气旋的影响[J]. 海洋气象学报, 2020, 40(4): 77-88. [22] 顾成林. 全球变暖背景下登陆中国热带气旋的时空变化特征及ENSO作用机理研究[D]. 上海: 上海师范大学, 2018: 77-108. [23] 郝令昕, 奈曼, 肖东亮. 分位数回归模型[M]. 上海: 格致出版社, 2012: 52-105. [24] CHEN C. An Adaptive Algorithm for Quantile Regression[M]. Birkhauser, Basel, 2004: 5-25. [25] 杨吕玉慈, 吴立新. 西北太平洋热带气旋活动的年际变化及其与大尺度背景场的关系[J]. 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 49 (5): 11-20.