ENSO对MJO传播特征演变的影响

龙雨青; 张雪莹; 麦博儒

doi:10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2022.038

ENSO对MJO传播特征演变的影响

doi: 10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2022.038

1.
中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所, 广东广州 510641
2.
空军航空大学, 吉林长春 132000

基金项目:

泛珠三角科技创新开放基金 FZSJ202113

广东省自然科学基金 2021A1515011494

详细信息

通讯作者:
龙雨青, 女, 山东省人, 研究实习员, 从事热带气候动力学研究。E-mail: longyq@gd121.cn

中图分类号: P732
计量
- 文章访问数: 140
- HTML全文浏览量: 32
- PDF下载量: 9
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-08
- 修回日期: 2022-04-18
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-16
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-20

IMPACT OF ENSO ON MJO PROPAGATION BEHAVIORS

1.
Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, CMA, Guangzhou 510641, China
2.
Aviation University of Air Fora, Changchun 132000, China

摘要

摘要: 利用TRMM降水和ERA-Interim温度、比湿、环流场等再分析资料, 探讨了在1998-2018年冬季年际尺度海温变化对MJO的强度、结构和传播特征的影响。主要结论如下: 通过一种追踪MJO的方法在研究时间范围内共可挑选出50个MJO事件, 其中有14个MJO事件发生在El Niño期间, 25个发生在La Niña期间, 11个发生在ENSO正常年。El Niño年MJO会传播至更远的中东太平洋附近, 而La Niña年MJO事件趋于在西太平洋地区消亡, 这主要与东太平洋地区持续的季节内尺度的经向水汽输送有关。此外, 在印度洋和太平洋地区, El Niño年的MJO活动更强, 而在海洋性大陆附近, La Niña年的MJO活动略强一些。ENSO对MJO强度的影响主要通过影响MJO对流中心东侧水汽的输送, 水汽在异常东风气流的输送下穿过对流中心东边界进入对流中心, 进而造成MJO活动强度的差异。
- MJO /
- 季节内振荡 /
- ENSO /
- 垂直结构 /
- 水汽通量 /
- 传播
Abstract: The present study identifies 50 MJO cases by using Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) tracking method and TRMM precipitation, ERA-Interim temperature, specific moisture, and circulation data. The results show that 14 MJO events occurred in El Niño years, and 25 MJO events occurred in La Niña years. Moreover, most MJOs vanished in the western Pacific in La Niña years, while they could further propagate into the eastern Pacific and vanish there in El Niño years. The much shorter propagation range of MJO in La Niña years was due to the lack of moisture accumulation to the east of the MJO convective center when MJO propagated into the western Pacific. The MJO intensified in the Indian and Pacific Ocean in El Niño years due to the stronger moisture transport from the east to the MJO convective center. The larger amount of the moisture transport was attributed to the MJO zonal wind acting on the background moisture in El Niño years. In La Niña years, the MJO intensity was slightly stronger over the MC.
- Madden-Julian Oscillation /
- intraseasonal Oscillation /
- ENSO /
- vertical structure /
- moisture flux /
- propagation

HTML全文

图 1 不规则区域的边界通量计算方法示意图

橙色和绿色十字圆分别表示研究区域内某一纬度的西边界和东边界的格点, 红色和蓝色十字圆分别表示研究区域内某一经度的南边界和北边界的格点。

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图 2 El Niño(a)和La Niña(b)期间MJO事件合成的异常海温的水平分布

打点区域表示通过了0.05的显著性检验。

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图 3 El Niño(a)和La Niña(b)期间10 °S~10 °N平均的边界层水汽倾向(填色, 单位: 10^-7 kg/(m²·s))和MJO降水异常(等值线, 间隔为1 mm/d)随着MJO对流中心(y轴)改变的纬向分布(x轴)

蓝色实线表征MJO对流中心的传播, 打点区域表示通过0.05的显著性检验。

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图 4 El Niño和La Niña期间当MJO对流中心位于150 °E时东侧正水汽倾向中心区域平均的水汽诊断方程各项大小(a, 单位: 10^-7 kg/(m²·s))及其与水汽倾向的比值(b)

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图 5 El Niño(a~c)和La Niña(d~f)期间MJO对流中心位于80 °E(a, d)、120 °E(b, e)和160 °E(c, f)时850 hPa风场(箭头, 单位: m/s)和降水异常(填色, 单位: mm/d)的水平分布

蓝色实线围成的区域表征对流中心的范围, 黑色箭头和填色的降水表示通过了0.05的显著性检验。

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图 6 El Niño(a~c)和La Niña(d~f)期间MJO对流中心位于80 °E(a, d)、120 °E(b, e)和160 °E(c, f)时10 °S~10 °N平均的MJO纬向-垂直风场(箭头)和比湿(填色, 单位: kg/kg)的垂直-纬向分布图

曲线表示10 °S~10 °N平均的降水异常的纬向分布(单位: mm/d)。填色和黑色箭头表示通过0.05的显著性检验。

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图 7 El Niño和La Niña期间MJO东传过程中其对流中心区域平均的降水异常(单位: mm/d)

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图 8 El Niño和La Niña期间MJO东传过程中其对流中心西边界(a)和东边界(b)整层平均的向内输入的水汽通量

c~f分别表示60 °E和160 °E低层(1 000~700 hPa)通过西边界和东边界向内水汽通量尺度分解后各项的大小(单位: kg/(m·s))。

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图 9 El Niño(a~b)和La Niña(c~d)年MJO对流中心位于60 °E(左)和160 °E(右)时MJO尺度风场(箭头, 单位: m/s) 和背景尺度水汽(填色, 单位: kg/kg)的水平分布及El Niño和La Niña年(e~f)的差异

绿色实线围成的区域表征对流中心的范围, 黑色箭头和填色的水汽表示通过了0.05的显著性检验。

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