LOCAL COMPREHENSIVE CHANNEL SELECTION SCHEME FOR INFRARED HIGH-SPECTRAL SOUNDER DATA AND ITS PRELIMINARY APPLICATION IN THE FY-3D/HIRAS
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摘要: 通道选择是红外高光谱探测资料同化的关键技术。为了最大限度提取红外高光谱探测资料观测信息，减少模式在青藏高原等常规观测稀少地区的初始场的误差，不同区域需要选取不同通道进行同化。基于信号自由度的通道选择方法提出一种面向资料同化的红外高光谱资料的局地综合通道选择方案，该方案综合考虑了局地的大气温度垂直分布特征、背景误差协方差、仪器通道的雅克比函数、权重函数和其他影响红外高光谱模拟和同化的因素。针对CMA_GFS（原GRAPES_GFS）全球背景误差协方差，在高原和海洋两个典型区域对FY-3D/HIRAS红外高光谱资料的温度通道进行局地综合通道选择，并通过一维变分同化评估了局地综合通道选择方案对分析场的影响。结果表明，高原和海洋两个典型区域的大气温度垂直分布特征、背景误差协方差、模式垂直分层以及各通道的雅克比函数和权重函数均有明显的差异，选出的敏感通道也明显不同，相比较在其他区域选择出的通道，在对应地区选择的通道能够显著提高红外高光谱资料的同化效果。
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关键词:
- 通道选择 /
- 红外高光谱大气探测仪 /
- FY3D/HIRAS /
- 卫星资料同化 /
- CMA_GFS
Abstract: Channel selection is key to infrared high-spectral sounder data assimilation. To fully extract observational data from the infrared high-spectral sounder data and reduce errors of the initial field of the model for areas with few conventional observations, e.g., the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we should choose different channels when assimilating different regions. In this paper, a local comprehensive channel selection scheme for infrared high-spectral data was proposed based on the channel selection method of signal freedom. The scheme comprehensively considered the local vertical distribution characteristics of atmospheric temperature, background error covariance, the Jacobian matrix and the weight function of the instrument channel, and other factors that affect infrared high-spectral sounder data assimilation. Based on the global background error covariance of CMA_GFS, local comprehensive channel selection was carried out on the FY-3D/HIRAS data of two typical regions, one in the plateau and the other in the ocean. The influence of local comprehensive channel selection on analysis field was evaluated using one-dimensional variational assimilation. The results show that the vertical distribution characteristics of atmospheric temperature, background errors covariance, the Jacobi matrix, and the weight function in the two regions are significantly different. The sensitivity channels selected are also different. Compared with the selected channel sets in other areas, the selected channel set in the corresponding region can significantly improve the effect of infrared high-spectral data assimilation.-
Key words:
- channel selection /
- high-spectral infrared sounder /
- FY-3D/HIRAS /
- data assimilation /
- CMA_GFS
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图 2 2019年12月10—15日HIRAS不同通道对应NEDT(取亮温为300 K)
其中FOV代表HIRAS的四个探元，dir=0(a)和dir=1(b)分别表示仪器的扫描方向为正和负。
图 5 海洋/高原区域不同波数通道的权重函数峰值高度分布
蓝/绿圆点分别表示局地综合通道选择方案在高原/海洋区域选择出的通道，×号表示被信号自由度的通道选择方法选出但被综合方案筛选剔除的通道。
表 1 局地综合通道选择方案在海洋区域与高原区域对FY-3D/HIRAS进行通道选择的结果
保留前150个通道。 迭代步数 高原地区 海洋地区 通道号 通道波数/(cm-1) 通道高度/hPa 筛选结果 通道号 通道波数/(cm-1) 通道高度/hPa 筛选结果 1 101 712.500 476.50 63 688.750 66.57 2 102 713.125 476.50 68 691.875 111.19 3 100 711.875 476.50 65 690.000 111.19 4 63 688.750 65.25 143 738.750 786.71 5 99 711.250 476.50 142 738.125 786.71 6 68 691.875 95.63 61 687.500 66.57 7 65 690.000 95.63 66 690.625 111.19 8 98 710.625 476.50 101 712.500 393.65 9 66 690.625 95.63 62 688.125 111.19 10 105 715.000 476.50 124 726.875 786.71 11 61 687.500 65.25 138 735.625 786.71 12 103 713.750 476.50 135 733.750 786.71 13 62 688.125 95.63 64 689.375 111.19 14 97 710.000 476.50 141 737.500 786.71 15 64 689.375 95.63 133 732.500 786.71 16 67 691.250 122.32 139 736.250 786.71 17 104 714.375 476.50 71 693.750 111.19 18 71 693.750 95.63 144 739.375 786.71 19 70 693.125 129.99 67 691.250 111.19 20 108 716.875 476.50 145 740.000 761.93 21 69 692.500 95.63 69 692.500 170.79 22 107 716.250 476.50 134 733.125 786.71 23 1 408 1 603.750 439.57 ▲ 100 711.875 393.65 24 73 695.000 95.63 137 735.000 786.71 25 83 701.250 225.35 70 693.125 170.79 26 96 709.375 476.50 102 713.125 393.65 27 106 715.625 476.50 136 734.375 786.71 28 76 696.875 146.86 125 727.500 786.71 29 80 699.375 225.35 73 695.000 170.79 30 1 419 1 610.625 439.57 ▲ 105 715.000 393.65 31 146 740.625 476.50 123 726.250 928.21 32 75 696.250 211.99 99 711.250 393.65 33 1 409 1 604.375 439.57 ▲ 104 714.375 464.73 34 78 698.125 211.99 154 745.625 928.21 35 142 738.125 543.52 76 696.875 170.79 36 74 695.625 146.86 126 728.125 786.71 37 72 694.375 165.98 228 791.875 956.03 ◎ 38 88 704.375 302.19 156 746.875 928.21 39 1 423 1 613.125 439.57 ▲ 107 716.250 464.73 40 81 700.000 211.99 74 695.625 170.79 41 145 740.000 543.52 140 736.875 786.71 42 85 702.500 302.19 103 713.750 393.65 43 134 733.125 543.52 132 731.875 786.71 44 1 426 1 615.000 366.37 ▲ 98 710.625 393.65 45 79 698.750 211.99 155 746.250 928.21 46 1 527 1 678.125 397.03 ▲ 106 715.625 517.65 47 77 697.500 211.99 149 742.500 786.71 48 139 736.250 543.52 72 694.375 170.79 49 82 700.625 225.35 229 792.500 956.03 ◎ 50 109 717.500 476.50 206 778.125 956.03 ◎ 51 1 425 1 614.375 381.88 ▲ 108 716.875 464.73 52 144 739.375 543.52 1 415 1 608.125 545.18 ▲ 53 84 701.875 225.35 218 785.625 956.03 ◎ 54 1 420 1 611.250 439.57 ▲ 97 710.000 393.65 55 143 738.750 543.52 1 576 1 708.750 545.18 ▲ 56 1 438 1 622.500 302.19 ▲ 75 696.250 170.79 57 147 741.250 476.50 171 756.250 956.03 ◎ 58 1 467 1 640.625 381.88 ▲ 214 783.125 956.03 ◎ 59 124 726.875 543.52 151 743.750 786.71 60 1 466 1 640.000 381.88 ▲ 200 774.375 956.03 ◎ 61 1 431 1 618.125 350.58 ▲ 79 698.750 182.47 62 141 737.500 543.52 1 429 1 616.875 207.44 ◎ 63 1 432 1 618.750 366.37 ▲ 78 698.125 182.47 64 1 410 1 605.000 476.50 ▲ 185 765.000 956.03 ◎ 65 1 456 1 633.750 366.37 ▲ 116 721.875 786.71 66 86 703.125 302.19 183 763.750 956.03 ◎ 67 1 484 1 651.250 302.19 ▲ 170 755.625 956.03 ◎ 68 132 731.875 543.52 166 753.125 928.21 69 1 525 1 676.875 381.88 ▲ 179 761.250 956.03 ◎ 70 110 718.125 476.50 180 761.875 956.03 ◎ 71 1 629 1 741.875 397.03 ▲ 184 764.375 956.03 ◎ 72 1 518 1 672.500 366.37 ▲ 186 765.625 956.03 ◎ 73 1 528 1 678.750 397.03 ▲ 81 700.000 234.57 74 115 721.250 476.50 193 770.000 956.03 ◎ 75 1 515 1 670.625 302.19 ▲ 182 763.125 956.03 ◎ 76 127 728.750 476.50 109 717.500 517.65 77 1 474 1 645.000 302.19 ▲ 190 768.125 956.03 ◎ 78 135 733.750 543.52 77 697.500 234.57 79 1 552 1 693.750 366.37 ▲ 198 773.125 956.03 ◎ 80 1 491 1 655.625 350.58 ▲ 1 562 1 700.000 194.69 ▲ 81 1 473 1 644.375 366.37 ▲ 96 709.375 393.65 82 137 735.000 543.52 189 767.500 956.03 ◎ 83 1 553 1 694.375 350.58 ▲ 146 740.625 393.65 84 131 731.250 476.50 197 772.500 956.03 ◎ 85 1 535 1 683.125 254.50 ▲ 199 773.750 956.03 ◎ 86 1 483 1 650.625 350.58 ▲ 127 728.750 600.98 87 1 540 1 686.250 350.58 ▲ 219 786.250 956.03 ◎ 88 1 493 1 656.875 366.37 ▲ 131 731.250 761.93 89 138 735.625 543.52 188 766.875 956.03 ◎ 90 1 533 1 681.875 366.37 ▲ 233 795.000 956.03 ◎ 91 136 734.375 543.52 83 701.250 248.98 92 1 481 1 649.375 350.58 ▲ 153 745.000 761.93 93 1 596 1 721.250 439.57 ▲ 213 782.500 956.03 ◎ 94 133 732.500 543.52 80 699.375 248.98 95 1 427 1 615.625 302.19 ▲ 210 780.625 956.03 ◎ 96 112 719.375 211.99 209 780.000 956.03 ◎ 97 1 477 1 646.875 286.01 ▲ 1 439 1 623.125 332.47 ▲ 98 1 402 1 600.000 476.50 ▲ 181 762.500 956.03 ◎ 99 1 532 1 681.250 366.37 ▲ 1 440 1 623.750 332.47 ▲ 100 1 514 1 670.000 302.19 ▲ 212 781.875 956.03 ◎ 101 1 411 1 605.625 439.57 ▲ 1 556 1 696.250 220.73 ▲ 102 1 492 1 656.250 366.37 ▲ 187 766.250 956.03 ◎ 103 1 430 1 617.500 286.01 ▲ 130 730.625 736.38 104 148 741.875 476.50 194 770.625 956.03 ◎ 105 1 526 1 677.500 381.88 ▲ 152 744.375 761.93 106 130 730.625 476.50 211 781.250 956.03 ◎ 107 1 642 1 750.000 381.88 ▲ 82 700.625 248.98 108 1 623 1 738.125 381.88 ▲ 230 793.125 956.03 ◎ 109 116 721.875 543.52 84 701.875 248.98 110 1 480 1 648.750 302.19 ▲ 1 462 1 637.500 332.47 ▲ 111 89 705.000 302.19 1 434 1 620.000 517.65 ▲ 112 168 754.375 543.52 196 771.875 956.03 ◎ 113 1 461 1 636.875 302.19 ▲ 92 706.875 332.47 114 205 777.500 439.57 195 771.250 956.03 ◎ 115 1 536 1 683.750 239.54 ▲ 165 752.500 786.71 116 94 708.125 439.57 225 790.000 956.03 ◎ 117 1 465 1 639.375 397.03 ▲ 110 718.125 393.65 118 1 421 1 611.875 439.57 ▲ 298 835.625 956.03 ◎ 119 1 537 1 684.375 239.54 ▲ 1 597 1 721.875 545.18 ▲ 120 192 769.375 439.57 148 741.875 393.65 121 91 706.250 439.57 201 775.000 956.03 ◎ 122 93 707.500 439.57 223 788.750 956.03 ◎ 123 1 570 1 705.000 302.19 ▲ 1 485 1 651.875 220.73 ▲ 124 1 460 1 636.250 286.01 ▲ 85 702.500 248.98 125 1 405 1 601.875 439.57 ▲ 1 487 1 653.125 207.44 ▲ 126 232 794.375 439.57 94 708.125 332.47 127 92 706.875 439.57 1 472 1 643.750 517.65 ▲ 128 1 559 1 698.125 302.19 ▲ 95 708.750 332.47 129 1 541 1 686.875 366.37 ▲ 1 450 1 630.000 545.18 ▲ 130 1 479 1 648.125 254.50 ▲ 1 459 1 635.625 207.44 ▲ 131 1 422 1 612.500 439.57 ▲ 86 703.125 248.98 132 1 478 1 647.500 254.50 ▲ 1 428 1 616.250 220.73 ▲ 133 126 728.125 543.52 93 707.500 332.47 134 87 703.750 302.19 1 458 1 635.000 207.44 ▲ 135 1 590 1 717.500 254.50 ▲ 207 778.750 956.03 ◎ 136 1 424 1 613.750 397.03 ▲ 91 706.250 332.47 137 1 558 1 697.500 302.19 ▲ 1 452 1 631.250 545.18 ▲ 138 140 736.875 543.52 1 596 1 721.250 545.18 ▲ 139 1 523 1 675.625 239.54 ▲ 1 468 1 641.250 545.18 ▲ 140 153 745.000 543.52 1 469 1 641.875 517.65 ▲ 141 1 554 1 695.000 302.19 164 751.875 786.71 142 1 490 1 655.000 286.01 ▲ 147 741.250 393.65 143 95 708.750 439.57 1 451 1 630.625 545.18 144 125 727.500 543.52 112 719.375 248.98 145 1 475 1 645.625 254.50 1 486 1 652.500 207.44 146 1 597 1 721.875 439.57 115 721.250 332.47 147 1 476 1 646.250 239.54 1 433 1 619.375 517.65 148 1 539 1 685.625 286.01 1 489 1 654.375 234.57 149 1 412 1 606.250 439.57 88 704.375 314.03 150 1 516 1 671.250 302.19 1 488 1 653.750 220.73 注：筛选结果无标注表示该通道被选取，▲表示剔除原因为短波波段通道，◎表示剔除原因为地面通道。 
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