Abstract: Based on the data from observational stations in Guangdong, the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, and the NOAA sea surface temperature (SST) data for the last 50 years from 1971 to 2020, this paper has analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of temperature and precipitation during the Spring Festival travel rush in Guangdong. Possible causes of three types of climate anomalies are also investigated through comparison. The results are as follow: Over these five decades, the average temperature in Guangdong, especially in the Pearl River Delta and eastern Guangdong, showed a significant upward trend during the Spring Festival travel rush. Meanwhile, the number of rainy days in Guangdong, especially in northwestern Guangdong and the coastal regions of eastern/ western Guangdong, showed a significant decreasing trend. There were totally 21 abnormal years with different concurrent variation between temperature and precipitation, including four cold and wet years, six cold and dry years, and eleven warm and dry years. In cold and wet years and cold and dry years, the meridional circulation prevailed over the mid‐high latitudes of Eurasia and the Siberian high pressure was relatively strong, which were favorable for the southward invasion of cold air. In particular, the pattern with northward higher and southward lower geopotential height was found over the western part of East Asia during cold and wet years while over the eastern part of East Asia during cold and dry years, respectively. Moreover, cold air invaded through the middle and the west paths when the geopotential height was higher eastward and lower westward over the low latitudes in cold and wet years. By contrast, in cold and dry years, cold air invaded through the east path when coincidently negative anomaly of geopotential height occupied the low latitudes. In short, transport of water vapor was favored during cold and wet years while depressed during cold and dry years. Furthermore, the equatorial central and eastern Pacific was warmer (colder) earlier in the cold and wet (cold and dry) years, which resulted in larger (smaller) and stronger (weaker) subtropical high over the western Pacific and colder (warmer) western Pacific warm pool. Thus, obvious anti-cyclonic (cyclonic) circulation was stimulated over the Philippine Sea area, which promoted (depressed) the southwestward water vapor transport and generated more (less) precipitation in Guangdong. In warm and dry years, zonal circulation prevailed and the pattern with northward lower and southward higher geopotential height was found over the mid-high latitudes of East Asia. Moreover, both East Asian trough and Siberian high were weak, which were not favorable for the southward invasion of cold air. Guangdong was under the control of anticyclonic circulation, and thus divergence and sinking brought high temperature and less rainfall to Guangdong.