基于卫星遥感的南海海-气CO<sub>2</sub>通量研究

蔡大鑫; 刘少军; 佟金鹤; 赵婷

doi:10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2023.042

基于卫星遥感的南海海-气CO₂通量研究

doi: 10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2023.042

蔡大鑫^{1, 2, ,},
刘少军^{1, 2},
佟金鹤^{1, 2},
赵婷^{1, 2}

1.
海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室，海南海口 570203
2.
海南省气象科学研究所，海南海口 570203

基金项目:

海南省重点研发计划项目 ZDYF2021SHFZ062

中国气象局创新发展专项 CXFZ2022P016

海南省气象局科研项目 HNQXJS 202214

详细信息

通讯作者:
蔡大鑫，黑龙江省人，高级工程师，主要从事生态遥感、应用气象研究。E-mail: cdxxhyn@126.com

中图分类号: P407
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-07
- 修回日期: 2023-06-28
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-24
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-20

STUDY ON AIR-SEA CO₂ FLUX IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA BASED ON SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING

CAI Daxin^{1, 2
, ,},
LIU Shaojun^{1, 2},
TONG Jinhe^{1, 2},
ZHAO Ting^{1, 2}

1.
Key Laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570203, Chian
2.
Hainan Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Haikou 570203, Chian

摘要

摘要: 海洋是地表环境中最重要的碳库，准确估算CO₂在海洋与大气之间的交换对于进一步阐明其变化过程机理具有重要意义。利用南海2011—2020年的海温、风速、海平面气压等多种遥感反演数据，基于海-气分压差算法，构建了海-气CO₂通量遥感估算模型，并分析其时空变化特征。结果表明：(1) 遥感估算模型在整个南海海域具有较好的通用性，对比实测区域数据，估算结果的平均绝对误差和均方根误差分别为1.04和1.37 mmol/(m²·d)；对于源汇区的识别准确率达到90.63%。(2) 南海总体表现为弱碳源，CO₂通量的季节变化呈现出夏秋季高、冬春季低的特征，夏季和冬季分别为全年最高和最低。空间分布特征为南北部差异大。碳汇高值区始终位于北部，且冬季为强碳汇，而碳源高值区夏季出现在中南半岛东南部，秋季则转移到南海东北部。(3) 南海三种典型区(北部陆架陆坡、中部海盆、南部陆坡)的CO₂通量随时间推移均呈现降低的趋势，且北部下降速度最快。2011—2020年，南海年均向大气净释放碳1.51×10⁷ t，但其碳释放量呈降低趋势，降低速度为2.03×10⁶ t/a，南海总体的“碳源”强度有所减弱。研究结果可为制定碳排放及碳交易政策提供科学参考。
- 南海 /
- CO₂通量 /
- 海气交换 /
- 卫星遥感 /
- 时空变化
Abstract: The ocean is the most important carbon pool in the surface environment. Accurate estimation of CO₂ exchange between the sea and the atmosphere is of great significance to further clarify the mechanism of its change process. Using a variety of remote sensing inversion data of sea surface temperature, wind speed, and sea level pressure in the South China Sea (SCS) from 2011 to 2020, a remote sensing estimation model of air-sea CO₂ flux was developed based on the air-sea partial pressure difference algorithm, and its temporal and spatial variation characteristics were analyzed. It was shown that: (1) the remote sensing estimation model was highly applicable across the SCS. Compared with the measured regional data, the average absolute error and root mean square error of the estimation results were 1.04 and 1.37 mmol·m^-2·d^-1, respectively. The recognition accuracy for identifying source and sink areas was 90.63%. (2) Seasonal variation of CO₂ flux in the SCS exhibited higher values in summer and autumn, while lower values were observed in winter and spring. Additionally, there were significant spatial differences between the northern and southern regions of the SCS. The northern area consistently served as a high-value carbon sink, particularly during winter, while the southeastern area of the Indochina Peninsula acted as a carbon source during summer, shifting to the northeast of the SCS during autumn. (3) The CO₂ fluxes in three distinct areas of the SCS, namely the northern shelf and slope, central basin, and southern slope, exhibited a decreasing trend over time, with the highest rate of decrease observed in the northern region. From 2011 to 2020, the average annual net carbon release from the SCS to the atmosphere was 1.51×10⁷ tons; however, this release exhibited a decreasing trend at a rate of 2.03×2.03×10⁶tons per year. Consequently, the overall intensity of the SCS as a carbon source has weakened, suggesting the need for considering these research results when formulating carbon emission and carbon trading policies.
- South China Sea /
- CO₂ flux /
- air-sea exchange /
- satellite remote sensing /
- temporal and spatial variation

HTML全文

图 1 研究区位置

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图 2 南海SST与p_CO₂对数的线性拟合

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图 3 p_CO₂观测值与模拟值的线性拟合

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图 4 南海海-气CO₂通量验证

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图 5 2011—2020年南海各季海-气CO₂通量

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图 6 南海2011—2020年平均海-气CO₂通量

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图 7 南海典型区2011—2020年海-气CO₂通量变化趋势

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