地基微波辐射计遥感人工触发闪电的观测研究

姜苏麟; 王振会; 刘超; 雷连发; 潘赟; 李青; 张义军; 吕伟涛; 陈绍东; 卢建平

doi:10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2023.045

地基微波辐射计遥感人工触发闪电的观测研究

doi: 10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2023.045

姜苏麟^{1, 2, 3, ,},
王振会^{1, 2},
刘超^{1, 2},
雷连发^{2, 4},
潘赟^{2, 5},
李青^{1, 2},
张义军⁵,
吕伟涛⁶,
陈绍东⁷,
卢建平⁴

1.
南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点实验室，江苏南京 210044
2.
南京信息工程大学大气物理学院，江苏南京 210044
3.
南京气象科技创新研究院，江苏南京 210041
4.
西安电子工程研究所，陕西西安 710100
5.
复旦大学大气与海洋科学系，上海 210000
6.
中国气象局气象科学研究院，北京 100000
7.
中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所，广东广州 510641

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 41675028

国家重点研发计划 2017YFC1501501

中国气象科学研究院基础研究基金 2018Z003

江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目 KYCX19_1030

江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目 PAPD

详细信息

通讯作者:
姜苏麟，女，江苏省人，博士，主要从事大气探测与遥感研究。E-mail：892125940@qq.com

中图分类号: P407.7
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- 文章访问数: 79
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-07
- 修回日期: 2023-06-28
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-24
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-20

REMOTE SENSING OF ARTIFICIALLY TRIGGERED LIGHTNING WITH GROUND-BASED MICROWAVE RADIOMETER

JIANG Sulin^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
WANG Zhenhui^{1, 2},
LIU Chao^{1, 2},
LEI Lianfa^{2, 4},
PAN Yun^{2, 5},
LI Qing^{1, 2},
ZHANG Yijun⁵,
LYU Weitao⁶,
CHEN Shaodong⁷,
LU Jianping⁴

1.
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, CMA Key Laboratory of Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
2.
School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
3.
Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing 210041, China
4.
Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi'an 710100, China
5.
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 210000, China
6.
Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
7.
Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, CMA, Guangzhou 510641, China

摘要

摘要: 为了深入研究雷电产生的微波热辐射特征，从2016年初夏开始利用地基微波辐射计在中国气象局雷电野外科学实验基地开展了连续4年的观测实验，根据雷电热效应的特征，制定了观测方案，并为地基微波辐射计设置了“引雷观测模式”。结果表明，地基微波辐射计具有对雷电热效应产生响应的能力。2017—2019年，辐射计一共成功捕获了30次人工触发闪电，观测效率逐年增长，平均为71.4 %；微波亮温脉冲幅度的最大值约125 K。结合其中28次触发事件的雷电流数据，分析了亮温脉冲幅度和雷电流积分量之间的相关性，并发现了最大亮温脉冲幅度与总电流作用积分之间可能存在指数关系。根据亮温观测数据估算了雷电热效应的持续时间，平均约0.5 s，其中25次触发事件的雷电流热效应持续时间与雷电流持续时间变化较为一致，相关系数约0.73。
- 地基微波辐射计 /
- 人工触发闪电 /
- 雷电热效应 /
- 亮温脉冲 /
- 雷电流积分量
Abstract: In order to study the characteristics of microwave thermal radiation produced by lightning, we used ground-based microwave radiometer to carry out 4-year observation experiments at the Guangzhou Field Experiment Site for Lightning Research and Testing since the early summer of 2016. According to the general characteristics of lightning heating effect, the observation scheme and the lightning observation mode are established. The results show that the ground-based microwave radiometer has the ability to respond to the lightning heating effect. From 2017 to 2019, the radiometer has successfully captured 30 artificially triggered lightning events, the observation efficiency has increased year by year, with an average of 71.4 %, and the maximum amplitude of microwave brightness temperature pulse can reach about 125K. Based on the lightning current data of 28 triggered lightning events, the correlation between the brightness temperature pulse amplitude and the lightning current integral value is analyzed, and there may be an exponential relationship between the maximum brightness temperature pulse amplitude and the total current action integral. Based on the observational data of brightness temperature, the duration of lightning heating effect is estimated to be about 0.5s on average. It is found that the lightning heating effect duration of 25 triggered lightning events is consistent with the change of lightning current duration, and the correlation coefficient is about 0.73.
- ground-based microwave radiometer /
- artificially triggered lightning /
- lightning heating effect /
- brightness temperature pulse /
- lightning current integral value

HTML全文

图 1 地基微波辐射计的安装位置示意^[50]

a. 实验地点(B)；b. 引雷场(C), 控制室(D)和地基微波辐射计(E)；c. 引雷场；d.控制室；e. 地基微波辐射计。

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图 2 辐射计遥感人工触发闪电示意

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图 3 4次人工触发闪电事件中闪电电流、亮温脉冲的脉冲幅度(T_ba)、雷电流作用积分(I)和电荷量(Q)的时间序列图^[52]

a. 2017/07/10 15:07:22.368；b. 2018/07/07 16:25:39.622；c. 2018/06/26 11:48:18.580；d.2019/06/11 13:14:31.312。

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图 4 2017—2019年总电流作用积分与最大亮温脉冲幅度关系

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图 5 雷电热效应持续时间的估算个例

(2018/06/26 11:48:18.580)

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图 6 2017—2019年28次人工触发闪电事件的雷电热效应持续时间与雷电流持续时间对比

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 2017—2019年引雷观测模式下辐射计的工作参数

年份	日期	采样脉冲宽度(s)		观测频率 (GHz)	仰角(°)	目的
年份	日期	单频	地面气象要素	观测频率 (GHz)	仰角(°)	目的
2017	06/03-06/16	0.15	2.4	22.5; 30; 51.25; 56.66	30	1、寻求最佳仰角与最佳观测频率； 2、提高时间分辨率
	06/16	0.17	0.19	26.235; 30; 51.25; 56.66	66
	06/16-07/16	0.17	0.19	28; 30; 51.25; 51.75	73.5
2018	05/26-07/26	0.15	0.17	30	30	1、进一步提高时间分辨率； 2、减小地面气象要素采样频次及影响
2019	06/04-07/07	0.15	0.17	26.235;30	30	获取闪电距离信息^[48]

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表 2 2017—2019年辐射计的观测效率

年份	成功触发事件次数	辐射计产生响应的事件次数	辐射计观测效率(%)
2017	11	7	63.6
2018	13	9	69.2
2019	18	14	77.8
2017—2019	42	30	71.4

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表 3 2017—2019年亮温脉冲的脉冲幅度统计表

年份	最大亮温脉冲幅度(K)	平均亮温脉冲幅度(K)	总电流作用积分的平均值(A2s)
2017	73.8	12.2	42341
2018	125.4	29.8	42590
2019	48.9	8.8	27317
2017—2019	82.4	16.9	37416

下载: 导出CSV

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