AN ATTRIBUTION ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE CLIMATE WARMING AND EXTREME TEMPERATURE INDICES IN BEIJING IN THE PAST 49 YEARS
-
摘要: 在对资料进行均一化处理的基础上,分析了北京1960—2008 年气候变暖及主要极端气温指数的统计特征,并应用格兰杰检验法对其进行归因分析。结果表明:(1) 近49 a 来北京年平均气温增速约为0.39 ℃/(10 a),气候增暖具有明显的非对称性。(2) 霜冻指数和气温年较差呈下降趋势,降幅为3.9 d/(10 a)和0.8 ℃/(10 a)。生长季指数、暖夜指数及热浪指数则呈上升趋势,增幅平均达3.0 d/(10 a)、0.75%/(10 a)和1.5 d/(10 a)。(3) 北京年平均气温是霜冻指数、生长季指数及暖夜指数发生变化的格兰杰原因。虽然年平均气温与热浪指数在不同滞后期均具强相关性,但是检验表明它们之间并无显著的因果关系,很可能是由于某种原因导致的一种统计上的伪相关现象。Abstract: Using the homogenized temperature data series during 1960—2008, the characteristics of climate warming and variation of extreme temperature indices in Beijing are analyzed. By introducing the Granger causality detection algorithm, the relationship between climate warming and extreme temperature indices is studied. The results have the following indication. (1) The increase rate of annual mean temperature is 0.39 ℃/(10 a), and the mean maximum and minimum temperatures change asymmetrically. (2) The decreasing rates of frost days (FD) and extreme temperature range (ETR) are 3.9 d/(10 a) and 0.8 ℃/(10 a), respecitively. The frequency of growing season length (GSL), warm nights (WN90) and heat wave duration index (HWDI) increase evidently with year, with their increasing rates at 3.0 d/(10 a), 0.75%/(10 a) and 1.5 d/(10 a), respecitively. (3) The Granger causality detection results show that the climate warming is the cause of the variation of FD, GSL and WN90. The existence of causality is very valuable for the forecast of extreme temperature events.
-
Key words:
- climatology /
- climate warming /
- Granger causality detection /
- extreme temperature index
-
[1] 程炳岩, 丁裕国, 何卷雄. 全球变暖对区域极端气温出现概率的影响[J]. 热带气象学报, 2003, 19(4): 429-436. [2] 周伟东, 朱洁华, 梁萍. 近134 年上海冬季气温变化特征及其可能成因[J]. 热带气象学报,2010,26(2): 211-217. [3] BONSAL B R, ZHANG X B, VINCENT L A, et al. Characteristics of daily and extreme temperature over Canada[J]. J Climate, 2001, 5(14): 1 959-1 976. [4] 王跃男,何金海,姜爱军. 江苏夏季持续高温集中程度的气候特征研究[J]. 热带气象学报,2009,25(1): 97-102. [5] 翟盘茂,潘晓华. 中国北方近50 年温度和降水极端事件变化[J]. 地理学报,2003,58(增刊):1-10. [6] 刘莉红, 郑祖光. 我国1 月和7 月气温变化的分析[J]. 热带气象学报, 2004, 20(2): 151-160. [7] 谢庄,曹鸿兴. 北京最高和最低气温的非对称变化[J]. 气象学报,1996,54(4):501-507. [8] 丁海燕,郑祚芳,刘伟东. 北京1951-2008 年升温趋势和季节变化[J]. 气候变化研究进展,2010,6(3): 187-191. [9] LI Zhen,YAN Zhong-Wei. Homogenized daily mean/maximum/minimum temperature series for China from 1960—2008[J]. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters,2009,2(4): 1-7 [10] 司鹏, 李庆祥, 轩春怡,等. 城市化对北京气温变化的贡献分析[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2009,18(4): 138-144. [11] LI Q X, LIU X N, ZHANG H Z, et al. Detecting and adjusting temporal inhomogeneity in Chinese mean surface air temperature data[J]. Adv-Atmos S, 2004, 21 (2) : 260-268. [12] 王冀,江志红,丁裕国,等. 21 世纪中国极端气温指数变化情况预估[J]. 资源科学,2008,30(7): 1 084-1 092. [13] ALEXANDER L V, ZHANG X, PETERSON T C, et al. Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation[J]. J Geophys Res, 2006, 111: 1-22. [14] 曹鸿兴,郑艳,虞海燕,等. 气候检测与归因的格兰杰检验法[J]. 气候变化研究进展,2008,4(1): 37-41 [15] 易丹辉. 数据分析与EViews 应用[M]. 北京:经济科学出版社,2003. [16] 刘学华, 季致建, 吴洪宝, 等. 中国近40 年极端气温和降水的分布特征及年代际差异[J]. 热带气象学报, 2006, 22(6): 618-624. [17] 刘霞, 景元书, 王春林, 等. 城市化进程对南京市气温变化影响的主成分分析[J]. 热带气象学报, 2010, 26(4): 509-512. [18] 杨红龙, 许吟隆, 张镭, 等. SRES A2 情景下中国区域21 世纪末平均和极端气候变化的模拟[J]. 气候变化研究进展,2010,6(3): 157-163.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1653
- HTML全文浏览量: 5
- PDF下载量: 2234
- 被引次数: 0