Abstract: Thirteen years of mean monthly NOAA grid data are used to analyze the climatological characteristics of the tropical and subtropical outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and their structure of teleconnection in summer and winter. The results show that high and low OLR belts have significant seasonal shifts in location as winter is replaced by summer. The low center moves to .the Bay of Bengal from equatorial West Pacific and the high center displaces itself 10-15 latitudes to the north, while the region of high OLR does not show any significant changes for the southeastern Pacific. Analyses of teleconnection structure show that there are 8 key regions in winter and summer OLR fields, which are highly teleconnected in a simultaneous manner among them. In winter the key teleconnection is mainly composed of a pattern of 2 zonal waves, which distributes across the equatorial latitudes of the Indian Ocean, West Pacific, East Pacific and Alantic, and a negative meridional pattern, which is active in the central Pacific, East Asia, both subtropical zones and equatorial regions. The key teleconnection for summer is made up of two positive zonal patterns, which locate from the Bay of Bengal to the equatorial West Pacific and East Pacific, and over low latitude Atlantic, middle latitude East Asia coastal areas and North America continent. Further study reveals that the interannual variations of summer and winter OLR teleconnection patterns are good indicators of the general association between OLR anomaly and air-sea systems such as ENSO, low latitude Walker and Hadley circulations.