台风内核与外围能量发展的物理因子
PHYSICAL FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN INNER CORE AND EXTERNAL PART OF TYPHOON
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摘要: 利用Anthes关于台风的区域划分以及物理量特征尺度的结果,采用尺度分析方法导出了台风不同区域的控制方程组,又用WKB方法得到各区的波能量方程并进行了讨论,指出影响台风发展的物理因子在各区的异同点;各区都有非定常因子;同时,台风内核及外围中层对流层的因子有涡度和切向风的垂直变化,外围边界层有热成风及其偏差,外围流出层有水平位温梯度,这些因子与重力波适当的移向相配合,可使台风能量发展,强度增大。Abstract: Based on division of regions of a typhoon and characteristic scales of physical quantities done by Anthes,sets of equations governing different parts of the typhoon are derived with scale analysis and wave energy equations for each part are obtained with the WKB method. Discussions indicated that physical factors contributing to typhoon development are unconstant in all parts of the typhoon,respectively shown as vertical changes in vorticity and tangential wind for the core and outer mid-tropospheric area, or as thermal wind and its deviation for outer planetary boundary layer, or as horizontal gradient of geopotential temperature for outer outflow area.Acting with right moving direction of gravity waves, they may help the energy develop in the typhoon and increase its intensity.
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