台风暴雨中尺度系统与结构的数值研究
NUMERICAL STUDY OF MESOSCALE SYSTEMS AND MESOSCALE STRUCTURE FOR HEAVY RAINFALL CAUSED BY TYPHOON
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摘要: 首先对8407、8411和8504号台风进行了数值模拟,并详细分析了模式输出的带通流场,发现:在湿台风引起的大范围暴雨区,低层有强辐合,高层有显着的中尺度辐散,而在干台风产生的弱降水区,高层则无中尺度辐散气流。其次,对引起暴雨突然增幅的8407号台风进行了对比试验,表明:台风大尺度环境场是产生台风暴雨中尺度系统的源,而凝结潜热释放和地形效应则是形成和影响这些中尺度系统和中尺度结构的重要因素Abstract: Typhoons 8407, 8411 and 8504 are simulated with the PSU/NCAR mm4 model, then band-pass filtered flow field obstained from model output are analysed. It is found that there are strong convergence at the low layer of troposphere and marked divergence at upper layer over large area heavy rainfall causing by moist typhoon, while no mesoscale divergence at upper layer of troposphere occured over weak rainfall region causing by dry typhoon. In second part, the rapid enhancement of heavy rainfall caused by typhoon 8407 is simulated for comparison and the band-pass filtered stream field are analysed. The results show that large-scale environmental field of typhoon is the main source causing mesoscale systems or structures and latent heat release and topograpic effect are forming and affecting factors of mesoscale systems and mesoscale structure.
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Key words:
- Heavy rain by typhoon /
- Mesoscale system /
- Numerical study
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