全球海气相互作用关键区及区内气候特征分析
KEY AREAS OF AIR-SEA INTERACTION IN GLOBAL OCEANS AND THEIR CLIMATIC FEATURES
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摘要: 利用全球月平均海温资料,近地面的风、气温、湿度资料,以及海表感热和潜热资料,在综合分析海温和气象要素变化的基础上,确定了7个全球海气相互作用的关键区,并运用相关分析法,着重分析了各关键海区上空气象要素场与海温的时滞相关,以揭示不同关键海区海气相互作用的异同。分析表明:不同海区海气热力相互作用较强,海温与气温比湿有较好的互代性,特别是中东太平洋和南印度洋海区。动力作用对海温的影响各海区差异较大,中西太平洋海区的动力影响可能更关键。在感热潜热与海温的相关中,东西太平洋海区和西北太平洋及南印度洋两个季风区都较关键。通过分析各海区海温和各气象要素相邻月的持续相关概率,进一步了解了哪些要素、哪些区在哪些时段其异常持续性好,或异常持续性容易发生破坏,这不仅对做预报有一定的参考价值,也为我们讨论海气相互作用的物理机制提供了依据。Abstract: 7 key areas of air-sea interaction in the global oceans are determined by comprehensive analysis of the global data of monthly mean sea surface temperature (SST),surface wind,temperature,humidity,sea surface sensible heat and latent heat fluxes. The time-lag correlation between SST and each atmospheric element in each key area are focally analyses to expose the same and the different features of air-sea interaction in different key areas. The results show that the air-sea thermal interaction is strong in each area,SST,temperature and humidity can be fairly replaced with one another,particularly in the central eastern Pacific and the south India Ocean. The dynamic effect on SST is different in different areas and in the central western Pacific such effect is more important. The correlation between sensible heat,latent heat and SST are more significant in the eastern Pacific,the western Pacific and the two major monsoon areas——the northwestern Pacific and the south India Oceans. By analyzing the sustainable correlation probability of SST and every atmospheric element in each key area,we further know that the anomalies of which element,in which area and in which period are well sustained or easily destroyed. This is beneficial not only to prediction,but also to discussion of the physical mechanism of air-sea interaction.
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Key words:
- air-sea interaction /
- time-lag correlation /
- anomalous sustenance /
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